1819-06-19 Repertory of Arts - John Lewis, William Lewis and William Davis Patent

Specification of the Patent granted to JOHN LEWIS, Clothier, WILLIAM LEWIS, Dyer, and WILLIAM DAVIS, Engineer, all of Brimscomb, in the County of Gloucester; for certain Improvements in the Application of pointed Wires, or other pointed Substances, of a suit- able nature, for the Purpose of raising the Pile or Face of Woollen or other Cloths, or Fabric, requiring such Process. 

Dated June 19, 1819. 

With a Plate.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c. Now KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, they the said John Lewis, William Lewis, and William Davis, do hereby declare that the nature of their said invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and ascertained in the following words, together with the drawings and references hereunto annexed. These mechanical drawings are orthographical projections, every part of which can be measured by a scale of equal parts, adapted to the figures, and are not perspective representations, which do not easily admit of this advantage, and which are consequently but little used by mechanics. The same letters of reference mark, in all the figures, the same parts of the machinery.

The figures are one-tenth the real dimensions, and are projections in vertical planes, the plane of Fig. 1 an end elevation (Plate VI,) being at right angles to that of Fig. 2, which is a side elevation. The letter A are the two ends of the frame-work. B are three bars, fastened into the two ends A. C is a roller, on which the woollen or other cloth or fabric is first wound. D is the said cloth. E is a trough-shaped bar, fixed at each end of the frame A, adjustable in vertical grooves, by means of the two screws, which are marked by a small letter e, in Fig. 2. This bar E, is for supporting the cloth D. F is a card-roller, for drawing the cloth D over E and off C. G is a plain roller, on which the cloth D is wound as it descends from the roller F. H is a card-roller, always bearing against the cloth which is on G. I is a weight on the lever K. K is a break or lever bearing on the wheel L, for the purpose of regulating the tension of the cloth D. L is a friction-wheel, fixed on one end of the axis of C. M is a toothed wheel, fixed on the axis of F. N is a rigger, fixed on the axis of F, for driving P. O is a strap or band passing round N and P. P is a band-wheel, fixed on the axis of H. Q is a rod, at each end of the machine, for suspending H from the axis of F. These two rods, Q, are loose on the axis of F, in order to allow the roller H to recede from G as the cloth accumulates on the roller G. R is a worm on S for turning the wheel M. S is the axis of R, and T. T is a wheel, fixed on S, and turned by the worm U, U is a worm driven by V. V is a rigger, driven by an endless strap from W. W is a rigger on the axis X. X is the driving axis, carrying W, Y, and g. Y are two connecting rods, carrying the bar Z. The lower ends of these connecting rods, Y, are driven excentricaly about half an inch by the revolution of the axis X; and their upper ends are guided by the radial bars marked with the small letter b. Z is a bar, having several rows of pointed wires, or other pointed substance, of a suitable nature (bone, for instance), fixed to its under surface, for the purpose of acting with their pointed ex- terminates on the cloth D, as it passes over the support E. The small letter a marks the pointed substances fixed to Z, and inclined to an angle of about 45 degrees with the horizon, as at a, in Fig. 3 (which is a section on the line f, in Fig. 2). The best arrangement of the points re- quires that the distances between them do not exceed one-tenth of an inch, and that they be placed so as to form rows not parallel to the plane of Fig. 3. The pointed substances a may be regularly set in wood, leather, or metal, before they are fixed to Z. cc are grooves or openings in the frame-ends A, and in the two connecting rods Y, for holding the centres of motion of the radial bars b.ee are two screws, for adjusting E. g is a fly- wheel, fixed on the axis X.

The chief advantages obtained by our new system of raising the pile or face are, that the points a have, from the succession of blows and the digging motion with which they come in contact with the cloth D, a greater power to enter it; and, by quitting it without dragging too far over its surface, that loss of substance which in the common machines is occasioned by the points continuing for so long a space in contact with the cloth, is in a great measure avoided. The cloth D requires to be wetted in the common way while subject to the acttion of the machine. In witness whereof, &c.